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As the coal caving mechanism of the top coal caving support, the tail beam produces violent collision and friction with coal rock in the process of coal caving and recovery, resulting in obvious...
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Arbitrary mining activities done by previous small-scale mines left many irregular damage zones in the ultra-thick coal seam, consequently leading to serious roof caving disasters and recovery ratio decline during repeated mining. Pre-filling the damage zones is an effective method to prevent mining-induced geological disasters. In this study, a novel method regarding damage zone filling ...
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This classification has been used ever since as a basis for describing methods in its publications dealing with mining methods and costs and is as follows: Classification of stoping methods A. Stopes naturally supported. 1. Open stoping. (a) Open stopes in small ore bodies. (b) Sublevel stoping. 2. Open stopes with pillar supports.
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Above Pic, A typical mining planning of longwall top coal caving method. Coal Seam Thickness 4.5-7 Meters; Phase 3rd 6.5-7 Meters. Depth of Coal 400-700 Meters; currently, the mining depth is 530 ...
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Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is a special designed longwall mining method for very thick seams (thickness is more than 4.5m) where good quality coal is being left because "conventional" longwall...
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The average coal seam thickness was approximately 15.3 m. Fully mechanized top-coal 89 caving mining method was employed. The coal was cut to a height of 3.9 m while the top coal caving 90 height averaged 11.4 m. ZF/15000/27.5/42 hydraulic supports were used. No.5404 and No.5105
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The invention refers to a method of winning coal, particularly from thick coal-seams. The substance of the method according to the invention lies in that roof coal is under control caved onto the armoured face conveyor over canopies of the supports in the front part of the face. Said controlled caving of the roof coal is maintained by raising and lowering the canopies of the hydraulic roof ...
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Fully-mechanized top coal caving with large mining height is the main mining method for extra-thick coal seam.Howeveras the hight of coal cutting and coal caving increasesprominent problems such as severe mine pressurebehavioursevere rib spalling in working facelow top coal recovery rate and high gas emission rate and so on emerge.
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To explore a realistic top coal caving interval of the longwall top coal caving working face, longwall top coal caving panel 8202 in the Tongxin Coal Mine is used as an example, and 30 numerical simulation models are established by using Continuum-based Distinct Element Method simulation software to study the top coal recovery with 4.0 m, 8.0 m ...
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Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is an improved longwall mining technique that has shown many advantages compared with other methods in terms of coal recovery rate, face equipment design, development cost and spontaneous combustion control for extracting coal seam with thickness in excess of 4.5 m (Hebblewhite et al. 2002).
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Fully-mechanized top coal caving with large mining height is the main mining method for extra-thick coal seam.Howeveras the hight of coal cutting and coal caving increasesprominent problems such as severe mine pressurebehavioursevere rib spalling in working facelow top coal recovery rate and high gas emission rate and so on emerge. Based on the ...
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In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above two coal mining methods, the large mining height fully mechanized top-coal caving mining technology has been popularized and applied in thick and extremely thick coal seams [ 12 - 15 ].
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The miners stand on top of the broken ore and work at the back. As broken ore takes up more space than ore in a solid mass, about 35 to 40 per cent, of it must be drawn to leave room for working. Advantages: Raises may be placed far apart. The broken ore serves as a support to the walls. This does away with the necessity for much timber.
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The invention discloses a method for passing through a top-coal caving region of a roadway and belongs to the field of mine supports. The method comprises the following steps: firstly determining the position of the top-coal caving region in the roadway, and digging a side channel at the upper part of the top-coal caving region except the head-on position of the roadway; respectively building ...
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The Broadmeadow mine was started using a longwall to extract coal at 4.7 m (15 ft) leaving the top section of the seam to fall into the gob. The adjacent open-cut mine has been mining the full seam section for more than 30 years, investigations and evaluations were made into the Top Coal Caving method and its suitability for the operation.
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Use of the top-coal caving or slicing mining method to extract these thick seams may result in distinct geomechanical responses in the strata and, in turn, the pattern of rockburst occurrence around longwall layouts. To establish a thorough understanding of which method (caving or slicing) is better when it comes to preventing rockbursts during ...
Get price2. LONGWALL TOP COAL CAVING GENERAL INFORMATION • It is the modified method of longwall mining system • Yancoal introduced the Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) mining technology in Australia at its Austar mine in 2006. • This method has been developed in china in more recent years and is used there quite extensively and successfully.
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UG Coal Mining Methods. Longwall mining method; is an efficient form of underground coal mining where a long. wall of coal is mined in a single slice. A coal seam is blocked out in to a panel with nearly 3m in. height, by excavating passageways around its perimeter. Extraction is a continuous operation involving the use of two.
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The Beixinyao Coal Mine adopts a section upward fully mechanized top-coal caving mining method, mainly mining No. 2 coal. The first mining face in the mine is numbered 8103, with an inclination of 19-25° and an average inclination of 22°.
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e longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is the main method to extract thick and extrathick coal seams. Figure 1 shows the basic procedure of LTCC. A longwall fully mechanized miningisarrangedatthebottomcoalseam,wherethecoalis cut by the shearer, with transporting out of the panel by the front scraper conveyor.
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Apr 10, 2021The top coal caving method is a systematic combination of caving sequence and caving amount, and it possesses a major effect on the top coal recovery in the working face. The current selection process of top coal caving methods is mainly based on physical similarity simulation and empirical control from field tests.
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mining technology has the disadvantages of low coal re- covery rate, high gangue content, large coal dust, difficult roofmanagement,andsoforth[8-11].Inordertoovercome
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Article "Motion Mechanisms for Top Coal and Gangue Blocks in Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) with an Extra-Thick Seam" Detailed information of the J-GLOBAL is a service based on the concept of Linking, Expanding, and Sparking, linking science and technology information which hitherto stood alone to support the generation of ideas. By linking the information entered, we provide ...
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Jul 8, 20223. Top Coal Mining Method The top-coal caving mining method belongs to a mining method for top-coal caving and surrounding rock caving, which requires a lot of resources during mining. Therefore, this mining method has certain limitations in its application.
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Abstract-Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) techniques has been employed in favourable geological conditions widely in China since the mid-80s and in Australia recently. With the improvement of highly-powered face ... 3Mtpa, LTCC has become a predominant mining method for the thick coal seam in China (Shen, H., Guo, Y., 2012).
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Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is a thick coal seam mining method which uses the Single Pass Longwall (SPL) method for extracting the lower section while the upper section (top coal) is mined by means of caving. The mining height in LTCC, compared to other methods, may result in roof instabilities such as caving and weighting.
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1. Introduction. There are many extra-thick coal seams in China, and the primary mining method is fully mechanized top coal caving (Yasitli and Unver 2005, Huang et al 2007, 2011).Because the top coal is thick, and the amount of gas emissions in the working face is large, the 'U + I' ventilation method is usually applied, i.e. setting a high-level gas drainage lane parallel to and near the ...
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December 4, 2018 - In the right conditions, longwall mining is one of the safest, most productive and most efficient ways to produce coal. This is owed in part to the high degree of automation employed by modern longwall operations, which keeps shearers and roof supports advancing smoothly and people far from the dangers of the face.
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Sublevel caving. Sublevel Caving is one of the most advanced mining methods. This method is usually undertaken when mining the orebody through an open pit is no longer economically viable. In Sublevel Caving, mining starts at the top of the orebody and develops downwards. Ore is mined from sublevels spaced at regular intervals throughout the ...
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Abstract:- Thick coal mine operations have various methods. If the thick coal seam cannot be mined by single pass longwall (SPL), then Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) method or multi slice longwall (MSL) can be employed. In Turkey, caving methods are commonly used in mining of thick coal seams as long as the roof strata are suitable for their use.
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Block caving has emerged as a cost-effective method of mining large, low-grade mineral deposits. Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis The role of block caving Although the caving mining system was initially used for shallow orebodies, it has recently been applied at depths of 2km underground.
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By Yoana Cholteeva. Block caving could be "the mining system of the future," according to Fidelis Suorineni. Block caving is a mining system which involves undermining an ore body and then allowing it to collapse under its own weight, a process that opens access to deeper deposits. Professor Fidelis Suorineni of the Nazarbayev University School ...
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Jul 1, 2022Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) mining is the most efficient method for thick and extra-thick coal seam extraction. ... were installed in inclined boreholes drilled into the top coal and roof. 13 This field observation provides a direct method for top-coal deformation analysis by monitoring the vertical and horizontal displacements of the top ...
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The filling mining method for a fully-mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 1, wherein the fully-mechanized top coal caving working face is arranged in a hard coal seam of uniform thickness, and a length and a width of the top coal caving zone are smaller than a first weighting interval of a main roof. 4.
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In top coal caving mining, the bottom 2.5-4 m (8.1-13.1 ft) of the seam is extracted by the conventional longwall mining method and the remaining roof (top) coal is naturally caved behind the shield. In this method, there are two armored face conveyors (AFCs) at the longwall face, the front one located in front of the shield legs is operated ...
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A method of sublevel caving and pillar and top coal extraction for mining thick coal seams includes the advance mining of rooms and crosscuts along the bottom of a seam to a height of about eight feet, and the retreat mining of the top coal from the rooms, crosscuts and portions of the pillars remaining from formation of the rooms and cross-cuts.
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Aug 8, 2022The Beixinyao Coal Mine adopts a section upward fully mechanized top-coal caving mining method, mainly mining No. 2 coal. The first mining face in the mine is numbered 8103, with an inclination of 19-25° and an average inclination of 22°. The total thickness of the coal seam is 4.3-7.0 m, with an average thickness of 5.6 m and an average ...
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The working face of the mine is +2020 m horizontal section working face, and the comprehensive mechanized top coal caving mining method is adopted. The horizontal section height is 10 m, the cutting height is 2.5 m, the caving height is 7.5 m, and the ratio of mining and caving is 1:3.
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Specifically, SSCM is the basic caving method to excavate thick seams at present, and its drawing sequence is that when a SO (such as SO no. 4) finishes drawing top coal, the adjacent SO (SO no. 5) is opened to perform the next drawing process.
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A typical sub-level longwall top coal caving arrangement 1-Main Slope, 2-Auxiliary Slope, 3-Conveyance Drift, 4-Ventilation Drift, 5-Conveyance Gate, 6-Ventilation Gate, 7-Initial Cut, 8-Headgate Road, 9-Tailgate Road, 10-Ventilation Incline (in), 11-Coal Chute, 12-Ventilation Incline (out) 3. 5. Soft and Marginally Thick Seam
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