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Trains generate rolling noise because of the roughness of the wheel and rail running surfaces. Special acoustic grinding programmes have been introduced on some railways specifically to control rolling noise. Rail dampers are also used to reduce rolling noise; this paper studies rail damping as a possible mechanism to slow the rate of development of roughness on the surface of rails.
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This program transitioned from heavy corrective grinding (removal of corrugation) towards a preventive grinding program in tandem with the SkyTrain-owned grinder and the ARM-lead LORAM production grinder. ARM has used multiple stone grit sizes and equipment settings (speed, amperage) to balance metal removal (for surface defects and corrugation ...
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additional corrugation of the 2008 Cell 9 initiative. The actual configuration is elucidated in table 1 provided improved friction and acoustic properties. Mn/DOT Retained HDR consultants to perform statistical pass-by evaluation of the innovative grind on TH 94 as well as MnROAD. The report (4) validated the quietness effect
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"the precise operation of skytrain's automated train operation (ato) system, which ensures that trains accelerate and decelerate at the exact same locations when coming into and leaving stations,...
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Acoustic data is also proving to be a useful variable in identifying the presence of corrugation and the effectiveness of grinding programs to remove it. The Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system is a pioneer in using acoustic data to guide its corrective grinding program.
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Grinding Induced Corrugation with High 4 Roughness Grinding Marks Pitch: 30 mm Insert logo here in Master slide 5 Rail Roughness Measurements A Corrugation Analysis Trolley () measures roughness of one rail at a time (or) a Bi- that measures roughness of both rails simultaneously Insert logo here in Master slide 6
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If corrugation removal grinding is required, the specialized software will create (in real-time) dynamic "peak-and-plow" grind patterns utilizing calibrated metal removal equations which estimate the amount of material one grinding stone can remove, based on the instantaneous radius of the rail, grinding motor horsepower, grinder speed, etc.
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tailor-made grinding application in noise-sensitive areas when performing rail grinding for reasons other than corru- gation removal (that immediately results in noise reduction), sometimes negative acoustic effects are perceived, especially in the case of cyclic elimination or reduction of rolling contact fatigue (rcf), as the grinding activity .
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Web wrinkling during start of the roll: Reset sheet spreading equipment. Web slack during start of the roll: Fasten web to core securely prior to winder startup. Web weaving during start of the roll: Reduce web cross-deckle caliper variation. Winding too soft near the core: Wind tighter near the core.
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Optimum range of grain sizes thanks to grinding rolls' specially designed corrugation Flavor preservation through a limited increase in temperature during the grinding and compacting process Uniform ground coffee appearance due to the turbo mixer homogeneously mixing any chaff remaining in the coffee with the final product
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Railway rolling noise is a function of the combined roughness at the interface between the wheel and the rail. If wheels are comparatively smooth, the combined roughness is dominated by the rail-head roughness. It is therefore possible to monitor the level of rail-head roughness, and especially short-wavelength corrugation, by measuring the rolling noise with a microphone mounted on the ...
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As corrugation appears physically as periodical sinusoidal waveforms (sound waves), we use static harmonic features to characterize corrugation and distinguish it from normal surfaces. To obtain the static harmonic features, power spectrum x ( j ) of the observed the input 1D image is first calculated by taking the Fourier transform to ...
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Acoustic Effectiveness of Damped Wheels and Impact on Life-Cycle Cost of Different Typologies of Passenger Trains A. Bracciali, S. Cervello, P. Gatti 257 ... Session 11: Grinding, Corrugation and Roughness (II) Testing the New Acoustic Rail Roughness Measurement Standard C. Jones, P. Fodiman, F. Letourneaux, B. Croft 363.
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grinding practice that produces a very smooth surface finish to the rail to reduce noise as much as possible) by measuring rail roughness and corrugation growth rates periodically at several test sites with various rail hardness. Results: • While we anticipate that acoustic rail grinding will
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ARM will measure and analyze rail roughness, corrugation, wear, and surface defects on the system. From that, it will develop and supervise the grinding program through onsite field management to optimize track time and metal removal rates for the grinding program. The plan is to address the Blue and Red Lines alternately each year.
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The results of rail profile wear analysis show that with the increase of iteration times, the wear ranges and wear depths of left and right rails at the corrugation trough/crest position are close. Meantime, the wear depths of rail profile and wave depth amplitudes at the corrugation trough/crest position in discrete passing speed modes are ...
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they have wavelengths of about 20 mm to 100 mm and amplitudes of about 1/10 mm. corrugation extends to 1 m wavelengths but, as we shall see, only wavelengths below 20 cm are acoustically relevant, even though the increase in forces due the corrugation represents a problem for the whole railway system (not only noise) and mitiga- tions measure .
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Through a series of field tests and numerical simulations, this study revealed a clear correlation between rail corrugation and rail grinding and confirmed that the technical operation of rail grinding is closely associated with regular grinding marks at a wavelength of approximately 60 mm on rail surfaces.
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At a serious rail corrugation line along Beijing metro Yi-zhuang line, one experiment of controlling rail corrugation has done. Based on the test and analysis of rail vibration decay rate, rail surface roughness and vibration acceleration on the rail and track bed before and after install TRD, it is concluded that install TRD on rail waist could improve rail damping, enhance rail vibration ...
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and an acoustic boundary element model to predict the interior noise of a high-speed vehicle at a speed of 200 km/h. In addition to the aforementioned theoretical and numerical investigations, many field measurements have also been conducted. Han et al. [28] investigated the e ects of rail corrugation on
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a special grinding practice that produces a very smooth surface finish to the rail to reduce noise as much as possible. The investigation was done by measuring rail roughness and corrugation growth rates periodically, at several tests sites, and with various rail hardness. Results: • Acoustic rail grinding can minimize noise levels
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When the corrugation amplitude of 160-315 mm increases by 40 dB, the interior noise only increases by 0.1 dB and does not exceed its limit. Thus, in view of common corrugation profiles, a rail grinding limit can be determined according to the interior noise limit, as shown in Fig. 16. Download : Download high-res image (321KB)
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Acoustic grinding carried out in accordance with prEN ISO 3095 contributes a further reduction of around 3 dB(A). For high speed lines, grinding methods that are now being developed and refined will permit a further reduction of noise emissions by 5 dB(A) in the centimetric roughness spectrum and below.
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Acoustic Emission AE on machine tools are generated by changes in micro-stress, caused by contact between tooling & work-piece. On grinding machines, this can be contact between wheel & work-piece or wheel & diamond dresser. AE travels through the machine structure. This can be a problem when th...
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Seattle's Sound Transit has awarded a multi-year, $24 million contract for rail grinding, polishing and engineering inspection services to Advanced Rail Management Corp. (ARM). The contract includes corrugation measurement and track geometry, ultrasonic and eddy current testing as part of the inspection and quality assurance requirements.
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Acoustic Consultant. Rail Damper Trials - Noise Reduction Outcomes from Ottawa and Vancouver: ... Characterizing the Effect of Rail Hardness on Corrugation Formation, Grinding Cycles, and Noise: Bio Abstract Download Presentation. Karoline Alten. Transportation Infrastructure Technologies at AIT Austrian Institute of Technology.
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Transcription . SCHLEIFTECHNIK - Goldschmidt Thermit Group
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Further topics included: resilient track forms; grinding, corrugation and roughness; and interior noise and sound barriers. This book, which consists of a collection of peer-reviewed papers originally submitted to the workshop, not only provides readers with an overview of the latest developments in the field, but also offers scientists and ...
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High-speed rail corrugation-measuring equipment and acoustic measurement RML's high-speed RCA (HSRCA) is a system for measuring corrugation and acoustic roughness on rails at normal operating speeds, typically in excess of 80km/h. Lower speed measurement is also possible with reduced (but nevertheless extremely high) accuracy.
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Rail roughness, corrugation and grinding High speed rail and aerodynamic noise Structure-borne noise, ground-borne vibration and resilient track form. Proudly powered by WordPress. ...
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severe growth of rail corrugation with wavelengths of about 5 cm and 8 cm. About 300 days after rail grinding, the corrugation was observed to reach a constant amplitude. Based on a section removed from the corrugated rail, a laboratory investigation showed plastic deformation in the lateral direction towards the field side.
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A shear type tuned mass damper has been developed to reduce rail noise radiation and rail corrugation. The oscillation masses in the rail damper are designed to vibrate along the shear direction of...
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• The advanced rail grinding program at Sound Transit showed 2 dB to 6 dB reduction in wayside noise. • Direct correlation between grinding-induced corrugation and wayside noise was seen. • The optimal grinder speeds for grinding and polishing steps depend on the grinder rpm and train speeds.
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Further topics included: resilient track forms; grinding, corrugation and roughness; and interior noise and sound barriers. This book, which consists of a collection of peer-reviewed. papers originally submitted to the workshop, not only provides readers with an. overview of the latest developments in the field, but also offers scientists and ...
Get price
If wheels are comparatively smooth, the combined roughness is dominated by the rail-head roughness. It is therefore possible to monitor the level of rail-head roughness, and especially short-wavelength corrugation, by measuring the rolling noise with a microphone mounted on the underside of a rail vehicle in the vicinity of the bogie.
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The high rail roughness is often due to rail corrugation which can be removed by grinding. A method has been developed to assess periodically the rail roughness on each railway line of the network, to compare it with the average wheel roughness for that line and to determine whether a noise reduction can be achieved by grinding the rail.
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model that has been developed for further use in condition based maintenance schemes (acoustic rail grinding) and for use in developing rail fixation systems that exhibit no corrugation growth. ... This is a major breakthrough in the area of corrugation prevention. Low noise embedded track systems have been developed and validated within the ...
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As long as the roughness level is below a certain limit [2] there is a linear correlation between radiated noise (and vibration level in the ground) and roughness. To control noise, monitoring of roughness is used in some situations on mainline railways to trigger acoustic grinding of the rails.
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Special acoustic grinding programmes have been introduced on some railways specifically to control rolling noise. Rail dampers are also used to reduce rolling noise; this paper studies rail damping as a possible mechanism to slow the rate of development of roughness on the surface of rails. ... With rail dampers the corrugation growth is ...
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The corrugation grinding machine RQ 1002 K60 has been specially designed for use on tramway tracks. Its compact size and exceptionally easy handling ensure economical application, whether under normal service conditions or with tram operating intervals of under 5 minutes. Maximum in-and off-tracking time is 30 seconds.
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