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3.5.2 Concrete. Concrete is a widely used construction material, consisting of Portland cement, water, sand, gravel, crushed stone, and other materials such as expanded slag. In the oil and gas industry - as in any industry - concrete is used as construction material in buildings and in offshore platforms.
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the retorted shale rather than on produced gas, and (3) the TOSCO process which consists of several inclined rotary kilns in which the crushed shale is heated to its retorting temperature by a heat exchange process. Mining technology involving surface retorting is an extension of existing mining operations.
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This baseball field is ready for the game to begin with gloves and bats.the ground is covered in crushed red shale to a void mud in case of rain Deep Colors of Shale. Shale flakes off in blue and red hues in the desert
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The heated shale oil is then extracted by separate dedicated production wells. After pyrolysis and electrofracking, comes rubbulization the third approach to the economic recovery of shale oil. ... Shale can be used for numerous application based on the substance which exist in the shale formation. Most shale can be crushed and mixed with water ...
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Nov 16, 2015. ·. 3 min read. Solids control is a technique used in a drilling rig to separate the solids in the drilling fluids that are crushed by the drill bits and carried out of the well ...
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Crushed Shale. Crushed Shale, also known as hardcore, clause 804 or 1 1/2″ down, is a fine crushed stone that's essential as a base for all paving, path and driveway projects. Category: Sand & Cement. Description.
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The crushed shale samples (2-5 mm) with moisture present (equilibrated at 50 and 100% RH over 48 h) or vacuum dried for 48 h at 80 °C (dry) were loaded into the 10 cm 3 sample cell (~10 g ...
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6.3 Examine each particle for shale characteristics and separate the shale from the remainder of the crushed aggregate. 6.3.1 In the case of pieces of aggregate resembling shale but not exhibiting all the properties of shale, weigh, and soak in water for 24 hours and re-examine.
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In the Paraho Direct process, the crushed and screened raw oil shale is fed into the top of the retort through a rotating distributor. The oil shale descends the retort as a moving bed. ... The liquid oil is separated from produced water and may be further refined into high quality products. The mixture of evolved gases and combustions gases is ...
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Crushed stone is great in paving blocks and concrete for sidewalks. It provides a base and looks great. 4. If you have an area of your yard where the water doesn't drain the way you would like, add some crushed stone as a decorative feature. The stone will help the water drain and not puddle while providing some decoration. 5.
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A In the case of manufactured sand, if the material finer than the No. 200 sieve consists of the dust of fracture, essentially free of clay or shale, these limits are permitted to be increased to 5 and 7%, respectively.. The soundness of fine aggregates can be determined by subjecting the material to five cycles of the soundness test. The weighted average loss cannot be greater than 10% when ...
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Once the samples are prepared, washed and separated into specific, corresponding test portions, we can move forward to one of the following sub-sections of our Aggregate and Soils group for further testing and analysis. ... MP703.00.27 Percent by Weight for Shale in Crushed Aggregate; MP702.01.20 Percentage of Coal and Lightweight Pieces for ...
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A method for extraction of oil from oil shale in which the shale is first crushed and then classified by a rotating trammel screen into four separate portions of differing longest particle dimension, namely less than 1/4 inch, less than 1/2 inch, less than 3/4 inch and greater than 3/4 inch, with the first three portions being treated while ...
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Petroleum is contained in certain oil-bearing shales and may be separated therefrom by mechanical means, but such oil-bearing shales are to be distinguished from "oil-shale" as the term is used herein. ... wherein the oil shale is crushed and heated to high temperatures to break the bonds between the kerogen and the inorganic matrix and to ...
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Percentage of shale—shale from each of the sources was combined with the crushed stone coarse aggregate in blends of 2, 4, 6, and 10 percent. Study of the durability factors for concrete beams containing shale (Table 3) indicates that no combination of sources and percentages(upto 10 percent) of shale resulted in deep-seated failure of the beams.
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High gradient magnetic separations are effective in the removal of solid particles from shale oil streams. Several types of shale oils were studied that included a wide range of physical properties and retorting conditions. In order to optimize separator performance, the effects of flow velocity and temperature on solids removal were determined.
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Introduction of Drilling mud solid control system:. Solid control system is a technique used in a drilling rig to separate the solids in the drilling fluids that are crushed by the drill bits and carried out of the well surface.Normally, a solid control system contains five stages: the mud tank, shale shaker, vacuum degasser, desander, desilter, and centrifuge.
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US2576283A US547028A US54702844A US2576283A US 2576283 A US2576283 A US 2576283A US 547028 A US547028 A US 547028A US 54702844 A US54702844 A US 54702844A US 2576283 A US2576283 A US 2576283A Authority US United States Prior art keywords plastering mud cuttings shale fluid Prior art date 1944-07-28 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.
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Type locality area use of name in Indiana: The Brainard Shale was named by Calvin (1906, p. 60, 97) for exposures of bluish-gray shale near Brainard, Fayette County, Iowa. This formation has been widely recognized in Illinois (Templeton and Willman, 1963; Kolata and Graese, 1983), where it has been assigned to the Maquoketa Group.
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Total porosity has been measured using crushed rock shale analysis, ion-milled scanning electron microscope (SEM) imagery, and fresh-state, ... The porosity was further analyzed and separated into porosity associated with organic material (PAOM) and mineral-associated
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The recycled particles are heated in a separate chamber or vessel to about 800 °C (1,470 °F) and then mixed with the raw oil shale to cause the shale to decompose at about 500 °C (932 °F). Oil vapour and shale oil gas are separated from the solids and cooled to condense and collect the oil.
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Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-size grains of mineral, rock, or organic material. It also contains a cementing material that binds the sand grains together and may contain a matrix of silt- or clay-size particles that occupy the spaces between the sand grains. Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock, and ...
Get priceAnswer: A good reservoir rock must have ample permeability to flow fluids through it. Shale generally lacks interconnected pores and so prevents fluid movement through it. (Special case:Shale can be a reservoir if it is fractured.)
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01. First, big Shale materials are fed into the jaw crusher evenly and gradually by vibrating feeder through a hopper for primary crushing. 02. After primary crushing, the material will be fed into cone crusher by belt conveyor for secondary crushing; then the crushed Shale materials will be transported to vibrating screen for separating. 03.
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some form of bituminous material which can be separated from the sand. 4 The United States supported an oil shale industry until the devel- opment of the oil well as a low cost means of fuel production in the mid- 1. See Lachica, Reagan May Sell Alaskan Crude to the Japanese, Wall St. J., Oct. 28, 1985, at 26, col. 4. 2. D. RUBENSON
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A continuous process is described for treating raw shale oil to produce shale oil of improved quality and yield and reduced cost which includes the following steps: a. crushing and grinding the raw oil shale, b. heating and drying the crushed and ground shale, c. passing the heated and dried shale particles to a slurry mixer where they are ...
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sand, gravel, and crushed stone. Aggregates 101 - Common Aggregates in PA Aggregate sieves used to separate material by size (gradation). passes through a 4" screen½ inch or 12.5mm sieve visible on right. (by weight) of the material can be retained on that sieve, so 1/2021 Open graded (left) -versus - Well graded (right)
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The shale samples were first crushed and sieved to different particles, whose size range from 250 μm to 800 μm before the measurement. ... and the adsorption isotherm is separated into two zones ...
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crushed oil shale containing fines is gravitated through an elutriator in contact with an ascending stream of elutriating gas, to remove the fines as a suspension in the gas, the fines are recovered from the resulting suspension and passed to fluidized bed retorting step for recovery of oil with hot retorting gas, and the coarse shale is .
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possible to separate limestone fractions while crushing. However, visual observation determined that the crushed oil shale fractions are indeed smashed to a greater extent compared to limestone, which allows us to separate oil shale from limestone using the screens as in the Allu crushing buckets tests.
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Six roof shale nodules were sawn and the slices crushed and thoroughly mixed before separating into 2 portions. Each sample was weighed and placed in 10% HC1 to remove the carbonate fraction, then dried and reweighed. One sub-sample was mixed into 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromo-ethane (Sp. Gr. 2.89) to separate the heavy and light mineral fractions. The ...
Get priceIf less than 40 percent of the shale breaks down with six complete passes with a steel drum roller, by visual inspection, the material is considered hard shale. 703.17 Aggregate Materials for 304. Furnish aggregate that is CCS, crushed gravel, crushed ACBFS, GS, or OH slag.
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Open in a separate window. Figure 1. ... All 53 rock samples were crushed to a size of less than 200 mesh. About 2 g of powder was placed in a porous crucible and treated with hydrochloric acid (50%) to remove inorganic carbon. ... The shale has wavy bedding in which sandy nodules are developed and has the characteristics of gravity flow ...
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The < 250 µm fraction of crushed shale was further milled to < 10 µm in order to be used for the XRF (Orbis, EDAX), organic and inorganic carbon analyses, and XRD measurements. Major mineral composition of the Woodford shale samples was determined by X-ray diffraction (Rigaku Smartlab, CuK α source at 40 kV, 35 mA) using the American ...
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Stronger and more sustainable than other building materials, its beauty and value is unmatched. Choose from classic red bricks to warm earth tones and unique pastels. Click below for more sizes and variants of this product. Product Options. LWM VIRGINIA HIGHLANDS 6035005669.
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All samples were crushed in a jaw crusher to a fraction of around 0-25 mm. The weight of individual samples varied from 2.5 to 7.7 kg. Each sample was divided into two equal parts. The laboratory of Virumaa College, Tallinn University of Technology, determined the calorific value of the samples by using the bomb calorimetric method (ISO 1928:2009).
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After these samples were partially dried and crushed, seven of the field samples were each divided into two portions and one sample was divided into four separate portions by Tourtelot and Gill without the chemists being informed of the operation.
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Shake the tube of minerals vigorously up and down in a bucket full of water (the deeper the water, the better) and continue until a good measure of separation has been achieved. The photograph shows that if minerals of widely differing density and colour are used, the effect can be dramatic. Ensure that the materials are retained for future use.
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5.7 Examine each sieve fraction for shale and separate the shale from the remainder of the crushed aggregate fraction and weigh and record. 5.7.1 In the case of pieces of aggregate resembling shale but not exhibiting all the properties of shale, weigh, and soak in water for 24 hours and re-examine.
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Slate vs. Clay and Shale. ... By using various size screens, the crushed rock can be separated by size. Some screens are larger and they allow the bigger rocks to pass through. STALITE's process requires rocks be crushed and screened several times before they are put in a stockpile with other rocks the same size.
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